Reenforced paper and method of making the same



Nov. 1, 1932. H. D. MOORE REENFORCED PAPER AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Jan. 51, 1931 INVENTOR ZATITORNEY properties are desired.

Patented Nov. 1 1932- UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY D. MOORE, OF ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOB TO AMERICAN RE- ENFORCED rerun COMPANY, messacnusnr'rs OF ATTLEBOBO, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF REENFORCED PAPER AND METHODOF MAKING THE SAME Application filed January 81, 1981. Serial No. 512,531.

This invention relates to reenforced waterproof paper and method of making the same. Reenforced waterproof paper consisting of two sheets of paper adhesively secured together with asphaltum and reenforced with straightened unspun fibres embedded in the asphaltum is now extensively used as a building and wrapping paper and for other purposes where its strength and waterproof Such paper may be reenforced longitudinally, or both longitudinally and transversely as found desirable, an a machine for producing reenforced waterproof paper is 5 shown described and claimed in the Charles H. Howard Fatent No. 1,590,167, June 22,

In accordance with the disclosure of this patent a coating of black asphaltum is applied to one sheet of paper and straightened unspun fibers are laid lon itudinally of this sheet and secured thereto y the asphaltum.-

Straightened uns un fibres are then applied transversely o the sheet'of paper over the longitudinally extending fibres, and a second sheet of paper having a coating of black asphaltum applied thereto is secured to the first sheet over the reenforced paper to provide a multiply waterproof sheet that is reenforced both longitudinally and transversely.

5 adhesively secured to a second sheet of paper,

While the reenforced waterproof paper constructed in the manner just described is strong, tough and durable and is admirably adapted for various uses, the'present invention relates to further improvements in this type of paper whereby its strength, durability and moisture resisting properties may be further increased. 1

One important feature of the present invention therefore resides in a reenforced waterproof paper having a layer of reenforcing fibres adhesively secured to one sheet of paper and another layer of reenforcing fibres and having the two reenforced sheets 0 aper thus produced firmly secured together y a third coating ofadhesive applied between the two layers of reenforcing fibres.

5 As a result of this construction the reenforced er the reenforclng sheets of aper are united much more firmly struction, when it was attempted to increase aper beyond a certain point by increasing t e reenforcin fibres, it was found that the two reenforce sheets of paper would not adhere together firmly. That is the additional reenforcing fibres reduced the binding action between the two reenforced sheets of paper and caused a tendency of the two layers of fibres to separate.

This difiiculty is entirely overcome by the present invention since by providing a third coating of asphaltum between the two layers of reenforcing fibres the reenforced sheets of paper are firml united irrespective of whethfibres of a layer are placed close together or spaced some distance apart. 'Another important feature of the present invention resides in a reenforced paper that is moisture-proof to a greater degree than that produced heretofore, for while the prior paper above described is water-proof in the sense that water or moisture will not pass through it under most conditions, it is found nevertheless that when the paper above described is emploved to rotect and cure freshly laid concrete by layln sheets of the paper upon the concrete and a lowin it to remain there for a number of weeks, 5m water that falls upon the paper tends to gradually penetrate through stain or discolor vthe underlying concrete.

This gradual penetration of moisture through the reenforced paper appears to be due to minute a ertures or in holes produced in the asp alt coating y air bubbles formed at the time the hot asphaltum is a the strength of the plied to the paper. It is onl occasionalfliy f 'that these apertures or pin ho es oocur'su ciently close together in reenforced paper as constructed heretofore, to permit moisture to penetrate entirely through the pa er, and by providing a third coating of asp altum bethe waterproof coatings and tween the two layers of reenforcing fibres, and ironing or smoothin out the third coatin as hereinafter descri d, the resent reen orced aper is both waterproo and moisture-proo and will resist the penetration of moisture under ractically all conditions. Still a further eature of the invention resides in a method of producing the new reenforced moisture-proo paper.

The construction of the present iaper and method of roducing the same will e clearly understoo from the following description when read in connection with the accompanyingrdrawing, wherein ig. 1 is a perspect1ve view of mechanism for producing the reenforced waterproof paper of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through the mechanism of Fig. 1, looking at the edge of the paper; and

Fig. 3 on an enlarged scale is a lOIlfltlldlIlfll sectional view through the paper of Fig. 1.

The multiply reenforced, waterproof, paper illustrated in the drawing comprises an upper sheet of aper 10 and a lower sheet of paper 11. To t e inner face of each of these sheets of pa er is applied a coating 12 of adhesive. e lower sheet of paper 11 in the construction shown is reenforced transversely by applying to its inner face the transversel extending fibres 13, so that these fibresare rmly secured tothe paper by the adhesive 12, and the inner face of the upper sheet of paper 10 is reenforced longitudinall by securing thereto, by the adhesive 12, the ongitudinally extending fibres 14.

The adhesive 12 used to secure the reenforcing fibres to the sheets of paper is preferably awaterproof adhesive such as ashaltum, and while either spun or unspun fibres may be employed as the reenforcing elements, excellent results are secured b reenforcing the paper with straightene unspunfibres of long sta le such as sisal, since unspun fibres will yie (1 less under tension than most spun fibres and therefore will not stretch sufiiciently to permit the rupturing strain to fall upon the papers.

In accordance with the disclosure of the above mentioned Howard patent the longitudinally extending fibres are applied first to the lower sheet of paper and then the transversel extending bres are deposited upon this s eet across the longitudinally extending fibres, and while the improvement of the present invention may be employed in connection with the reenforced paper of said patents, or in connection with other forms of reenforced pa er having the two layers of reenforcing fibres variously arranged, the invention is herein illustrated and described in connection with a multiply reenforced paper in which the transversely extending fibres are applied to one sheet of paper, and the longitudinally extending fibres are applied to "the other sheet of paper as the two sheets assumed, from a transverse reenforcing machine such as shown in Fig. 2 of the atent above mentioned, below a heated roll 5 and upwardly between the nip of the cooperating rollers 16 and 17. This roll 15 is preferably heated internally b superheated steam or hot oil. The sheet 0 paper 10 with the coating of hot aspaltum 12 applied to its inner face is also passed between the nip of the roll 16 and 17, and the reenforcin fibres 14 are applied to the inner face of t e sheet of paper 10 at this point, as will be apparent from the drawing, these fibres being delivered to the nip of the rolls 16 and 17 by attenuating means such as the combs 28 shown in Fig; 1 of the patent above mentioned.

The multiply paper preferably passes from the nip of the rolls 16 and 17 upwardly around the roll 17 and between the roll 17, and an upper roll 18 and then around this roll as shown whereupon the reenforced waterproof paper 19 may be wound upon a roll (not shd'wn and trimmed or cutinto sheets of the desire width ready for the market. The rolls 17 and 18 are preferably forced downwardly by weights or springs (not shown) to exert a substantial pressure upon the multiply paper in order to force the two reenforced sheets of paper firmly together. The intermediate roll 17 is preferably provided with a rubber jacket, or other material that will yield slightly to the crossing fibres. The mechanism so far described will produce a reenforced paper similar to that produced by the Howard atent above mentioned, but as above pointe out difficulty has been experienced heretofore in attempting to increase the amount of reenforcin fibres applied to each sheet of aper, beyon a predetermined point due to t e tendency'of the two reenforced sheets of paper to separate if too many fibres are used.

This difliculty is entirely overcome through the resent invention by providing a third coating 20 of adhesive such as asphaltum between the two reenforced sheets of paper, and While various means might be employed for applying the adhesive coating 20 between the two layers 13 and 14 of reenforcing fibres the means illustrated in the drawings to this end comprises a pipe 21' which may be closed at one end and is connected at its opposite end to suitable means adapted to supply asphaltum in a hot condition to this pi e under pressure, and the ipe 21 is provide-d along its lower face wit the discharge apertures 22 through which jets or streams of hot asphaltum are deposited upon the transversely extending fibres-13 as indicated by 23. It is desirable to iron or spread out the asphaltum 23 into a smooth substantially uniform coatin and this is readily accomplished b providing the roll 15 WhlCh is preferably eated and is held in firm contact with the adhesive 23 upon the sheet of paper 11 to iron or spread out the asphaltum 23 into a smooth coating 7 as indicated by 20.

It will be seen from the construction just described that as the reenforced sheets of 19 with three layers 0 asphaltum instead of hesive.

two layers as heretofore, the com osite paper is more firmly united and the moisture-proof properties of the aper are increased-to such an extent that it will be practicall impossible for moisture to penetrate throng the multiply paper even when water is allowed to remain on the paper over a long eriod of time.

It will be seen from the oregoing that through the employment of the present invention reenforced paper much stronger than that provided heretofore can be produced and that the moisture-proof (properties of the paper are greatly increase What is claimed is 1. As an article of manufacture, reenforced waterproof paper, comprising in its construction a paper fabric formed of two sheets of paper each having a coating of adhesive applied to its inner face and a reenforcing sheet of fibrous material secured to each sheet of paper by the adhesive and having a third coating of adhesive between the two sheets of fibrous material and in engagement with both of said fibrous sheets to firmly unite the two reenforced sheets of paper with the fibrous material of one fibrous sheet contacting with the other fibrous sheet, and at least one of said coatings being formed of waterproof ad- 2. As an article of manufacture, reenforced paper, comprisin' in its construction a paper fabric formed 0 two sheets of paper each having a coating of adhesive applied to its inner face and a layer of reenforcing fibres secured to each sheet by the adhesive,

' and having athird coating of adhesive between the two layers offibres and in adhesive engagement with both layers of fibres to firmly unite the two reenforced sheets of paper with the fibres of one layer contacting with those of the other layer.

3. As an article of I manufacture, reenforced waterproof paper, comprising in its construction a paper fabric formed of two sheets of pager each having a coating of water roof ad esive applied to its inner face an a layer of reen orcing fibres secured to each sheet b the adhesive, and having a coating of a hesive between the two layers of fibres and in engagement with both layers of fibres to firmly unite the two reenforced sheets of paper with the fibres of one layer secured d1rectly to the fibres of the ot er layer.

.4. As an article of manufacture, reenforced waterproof paper, comprising in its construction a paper fabric formed of two sheets of pa r each having a coating of water roof ad esive applied to its inner face an a reenforcing layer of straightened unspun fibres secured to each sheet by the adhesive, and having a third coating of waterproof adhesive between the two layers of. fibres and in engagement with both layers to firmly unite t e two reenforced sheets of paper with the fibres of one layer secured directly to the fibres of the other layer and increase the moisture-proof properties of the reenforced paper.

5. As an article of manufacture,.reenforced paper, comprisin in its construction, a paper fabric formed 0% two sheets of paper each having a coating of adhesive applied to its inner face and one sheet having a layer of straightened unspun fibres secured longitudinally of its inner face by the adhesive and the other sheet having a layer of straightened unspun fibres secured transand Q verse y of its inner face by theadhesive, having a third coating of adhesive between the two layers of fibres and in engagement with both layers to firmly unite the two reenforced sheets of paper with the fibres of one layer secured directly to those of the 57 other layer.

6. As an article of manufacture, reenforced waterproof paper, comprising in its construction, a paper fabric formed of two, sheets of paper each having a coating of as-. 'phaltum applied to its inner face and one sheet having a layer of straightened unspun fibres secured longitudinally thereof by the asphaltum and the other sheet having a layer of straightened unspun fibres secured transversely thereof by the asphaltum, and having a third coatm of asphaltum, between the two layers of bres and in engagement with both layers tofirmly unite the two reenforced sheets of paper with the fibres of one layer secured irect ly to those of the other layer.

7 As an article of manufacture, reenforced waterproof paper, comprising in its construction, a paper fabric formed of two sheets of paper each having a coating of adhesive applied to its inner face and one sheet having a layer of strai htened unspun fibres secured longitudinal y of vits inner face by the adhesive and the other sheet havfibres and in en agement with both layers and at least one 0 said coatings being formed of waterproof adhesive.

8. The method of forming reenforced paper, which consists in coating two sheets of paper with an adhesive and securing a layer of reenforcing fibres to each sheet of paper by the adhesive, then applying a third coating of adhesive upon one of said reenforced sheets of paper over the reenforced fibres, and forcing the sheets together to cause them to be firmly united by the third coating with the fibres ofone layer secured directly to the fibres of the other layer. a

9. The method of forming reenforced paper, which consists in coating two sheets of paper with a waterproof adhesive and securing a layer of reenforcing fibres to each sheet of paper by the adhesive, applying a third coating of waterproof adhesive over the fibres upon one of said reenforced sheets of paper and spreading it out into substantially a uniform layer, and then forcing the reenforced sheets of paper together to cause them to be firmly united by the third coating with the fibres of one layer secured directly to the fibres of the other layer.

10. The method of forming reenforced pa- I per which consists in coating a face of a sheet of paper with adhesive and securing a layer of strai htened unspun fibres longitudinally of the s eet by the adhesive, coating 9. face of a second sheet of paper with adhesive and securing a layer of straightened unspun fibres transversely of the sheet b the adhesive, applying a third coating 0 adhesive over the fibres upon one of said sheets, and forcing the reenforced sheets together to cause them to be firmly united by the third coating with the fibres of one layer secured directly to the fibres of the other layer.

11. The method of forming reenforced waterproof paper, which consists in coating a face of a sheet of paper with waterproof adhesive and securing a layer of straightened unspun fibres longitudinally of the sheet by the adhesive, coating a face of a second sheet of paper with waterproof adhesive and securing a layer of straightened unspun fibres transversely of the sheet by the adhesive, and

unspun fibres longitudinally of the sheet by the adhesive, coating a face of a second sheet of paper with waterproof adhesive and securingalayer of straightened unspun fibres transversely of the sheet by the adhesive, applying a waterproof adhesive to the fibres upon one of said sheets and ironing it out into a.

substantially uniform coating, and forcing the reenforced sheets of paper, together to cause them to be firmly united b the last mentioned coating with the fibres 0 one la er lsecured directly to the fibres of the ot er ayer.

13. The method of forming reenforced waterproof' paper which consists in coating a face of a sheet of paper with asphaltum and securin a layer of straightened unspun fibres longitudinally of the sheet by the asphaltum, coating a face of a second sheet of paper with asphaltum and securing a layer of straightened unspun fibres transversely of the sheet by the asphaltum, depositing asphaltum over the layer of fibres upon one of said sheets and spreading or ironing the asphaltum out into a substantially uniform coating, and forcing the reenforced sheets of paper together to cause them to be firmly united by the last mentioned coating with the fibres of one layiar secured directly to the fibres of the other ayer.

14. The method of forming reenforced waterproof paper which consists in coating a face of a sheet of paper with hot as haltum and securing a layer of straightene unspun fibres longitudinally of the sheet by the asphaltum, coating a face of a second sheet of paper with hot asphaltum and securing a layer of straightened unspun fibres transversely of the sheet by the asphaltum, spraying hot asphaltum upon the layer of fibres upon one of said sheets and ironing the asphaltum out to form a smooth coating, and forcing the reenforced sheets of pa er together to cause them to be firmly unlted by the last mentioned coating with the fibres of one layer secured directly to the fibres of the other layer.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

HENRY 1). MOORE.

applying a third coating of waterproof adhesive between'the fibres of said reenforced sheets and forcing the sheets together to cause them to be firmly united by the third coating with the fibres of one layer secured directly to the fibres of the other layer.

12. The method of forming reenforced waterproof paper which consists in coatings. face of a sheet of paper with Waterproof adhesive and securing a layer of straightened 

